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OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


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Sccslcy's 


3llii5tratcb   ©ut5e 


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5t.  mkhaal' 


i£l}avUston,  So.  (£a. 


COPYRIGHT 

BY 

CHARLES    NORBURY   BEESLEY 

1898   AND  1908 


PRESSES  OF 

WALKER.    EVANS     ft    COGSWELL     CO 

CHARLESTON.    S.    C. 


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parfsb  of  J^b  present  Cburcb 

St.  /BMcbael,  I  ®pene&  for  Service 

C8tabli0bc^  3unc  I4tb,  I75r.  I  Jebruarig  let,  I76I. 


St.  fIDicbaers  Cburcb 

Corner  iHbeettng  anD  3BroaJ)  Streets.  Cbarleston,  S.  C. 


Sun^a5  Services. 
HOLY   COMMUNION 


First  Sunday  in  every  Month,  ------  IIM  A.  M. 

All  other  Sundays,  --------        7:30  a.  M. 

Saints'  Days  and  Holy  Days,  -_--_.  7-15  a.  M. 

flCorning   Service. 
Morning  Prayer  and  Sermon,  -  -  -  11:00  A.  M. 

9  Hftcrnoon  Service. 

^                 February  1  to  March  31  and  September  1  to  October  31,                  -    ,          -              -              -  -                     5:00  p.  M. 

§                 April  1  to  August  31,            ---------  -              6:00  P.  M. 

November  1  to  January  31,         --------  -                     5:00  P.  M. 

ca 

uj  J'ri^as8. 

2  November  1  to  March  31,  -  -  -  -  5:00  P.  M. 

3  April  1  to  July  1,  -----  6:00  P.  M. 


SuMa^  Scbool. 
Every  Sunday  Morning,  -------     iO:00  o'clock 

The  Chimes  will  be  rung  for  half  an  hour  before  the  Sunday  Services 


THE  Memorial  Tablet  shown  in  the  accompanying  picture  tells  its  own  story.  After 
the  earthquake  of  August  31st,  1886.  many  of  the  churches  of  Charleston  erected 
"Earthquake  Memorial  Tablets."  At  the  suggestion  of  Warden  Alexander  W.  Marshall, 
this  Tablet  was  made  to  embrace,  as  succinctly  as  possible,  a  history  of  the  building  which 
had  passed  through  so  many  vicissitudes. 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Church  taken  from  the  northwest  corner  of  Broad  and  Meeting  Streets.  It 
is  built  of  brick,  imported  from  England,  stuccoed  on  the  outside.  The  Church  and  steeple  have 
been  painted  many  times,  but  the  climate  causes  it  to  scale  rapidly.  The  dimensions  of  the  building 
arc:  Length,  including  portico,  130  feet;  width,  ^  feet;  height  of  steeple,  186  feet,  3  inches.  Sunk  during 
earthquake,  August  31,  1886,  8  inches.     Present  height,  185  feet,  7  inches. 

ST.  MICHAEL'S  SPIRE. 


(Reprinted  by  Permission.) 


St.   Michael's   Spire!      St.   Michael's   Spire! 

How  fair  thou   risest  to  the  sight. 
Now  glittering  in   the  noon  sun's  fire. 

Now  softened  by  the  "pale  moonlight." 

Dread  storms  have  thundered   o'er  thn  sea. 
And  crushed  the  low  and  rent  the  high; 

But  there  thou  standeft   firm  and  free. 
With  thy  bri~ht  forehead  to  the  sky. 

Fierce   fires   in   rolling  volumes   came, 

But  gleamed  innocuous  on  thv  tower ; 
War's   cannon    roared   with   breath   of   flame, 

Scathless   for  thee  careered  its  power. 
Symmetric  spire !     Our  city's  boast 

In  scientific  grandeur  piled  I 
The   guardian   beacon  of  our  coast. 

The  seaman's  hope  when  waves  ar>e  wild ! 

Palladium !      On   thv   lonely  heiight 

The  faithful  watchman  walks  his  round. 

While    rest    and    safety    rule    the    night, 
And  stillness  as  of  Holy   Ground. 

All   sleep  but   thee — thy   tuneful   bells, 
Hymn    to   the   night    wind    in   its   roar. 

Or   float   upon   the   Atlantic   swells 
That   soften   summer   on    our    shore. 

Soother  of  sickness!     Oft  thy  chime 
A  gentle  voice  to  darkness  lends. 

And    speaks    a   language   deep,    sublime. 
When    love    o'er  dying  virtue  bends. 


Thou    guid'st   the   youth   to   classic   hours, 

The  laborer  to  his   task   confined ; 
The  maid  to  joy's  resplendent   bowers. 

The  ambitious  to  the  strife  of  mind. 

Thy    Sabbath    summons   not   in    vain 

Calls  the  mixed  city  to  their  God ; 
Each  gravely  seeks  his  chbsen  fane 

And  treads  the  aisles  his  sires  have  trod. 
And  nobly  do  thy    pseans   flow, 

When   patriots   shout  the   annual   strain 
That   echoes   from   far   Mexico, 

To  where!  St.   Lawrence  holds  his  reign. 

Gliding  along  old   Ashley's  stream, 

Or    Cooper  s,    hung   with   mossy    grace, 
W'e  turn  to  gaze  upon  thy  beam, 

And   hospitable   joys   retrace. 
And  tender  are  the  thoughts  that  rise, 

When,   sea-bound  from  thy  level  shore. 
The  tear  of  parting  dims  our  eyes, 

Till  we  can  view  thy  point  no  more. 

And  when  returning  to  our  land, 

The   summer  exile  rears  his  home. 
How  beats  his  heart  and  waves  his   hand. 

As  first   he  greets  thy   welcome  dome. 
St.    Michael's   Spire!      I   close  my  lay. 

Touched  by  the  moral  thou  hast  given, 
Tho'   duties   throng   my    early    way. 

My  look,  like  thine,   shall   be  to  heaven. 

Caroline  Oilman. 
Charleston,    1830. 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Church  taken  immediately  after  the  great  cyclone  which  swept 
this  city  and  vicinity  August  25  th,  1885,  doing  great  damage,  and  leaving  many 
wrecks  in  its  path.  The  large  cypress  ball  surmounting  the  steeple  was  thrown  down,  making 
a  dent  in  the  pavement  where  it  struck,  which  is  still  visible.  The  ball  lies  under  the  window 
nearest  the  porch  in  the  picture,  and  may  be  seen  by  the  aid  of  a  magnifying  glass.  The 
wreckage  of  the  storm  is  also  visible  in  the  street,  and  on  the  roof  are  evidences  of  its  force 
in  tearing  off  great  numbers  of  the  slates. 

The  other  building  seen  in  the  picture  is  the  City  Hall. 


8 


THIS  represents  the  Church  after  the  earthquake,  showing  the  ruined  condition  of  the 
venerable  edifice.  It  was  thought  that  it  would  be  almost  impossible  to  restore  the 
Church,  which  had  just  been  repaired  after  the  terrible  cyclone  of  August  25th,  1885.  In 
this  connection  it  may  be  mentioned  that  eight  days  after  the  earthquake,  during  which  time 
the  familiar  sound  of  the  chimes  had  not  been  heard,  the  old  sexton  climbed  to  the  clock 
room  and  set  the  clock  going.  One  who  had  not  gone  through  the  terrible  experiences  of 
that  time  cannot  know  the  inspiration  and  encouragement  that  the  people  felt  when  tht 
chimes  again  pealed  forth  in  familiar  chorus. 

From  the  picture  it  will  be  seen  that  the  spire  is  separate  from  the  church. 

While  the  repairs  made  necessary  by  the  earthquake  were  in  progress  an  old  coffin 
was  unearthed  from  beneath  the  south  stairway.  On  the  lid  of  the  coffin  were  the  initials 
J.  O.  B.,  and  the  figures  1678  in  brass  tacks.  TTiis  date  precedes  by  several  years  that  of 
the  erection  of  the  first  church  on  this  site,  but  from  the  presence  of  this  coffin  it  is  inferred 
that  the  site  was  used  at  that  time  for  a  burial  ground.  Nothing  whatever  is  known  as  to 
who  "J.  O.  B."  was,  but  it  is  certain  that  the  builders  of  St.  Michaers  Church  knew  of  the 
existence  of  this  grave,  for  the  "workmen  found  it  protected  by  an  arch  of  round  bricks" 
when  they  unearthed  it  in  1886. 

10 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  interior  of  the  Church  looking  west.  The  organ  has  been  taken 
down  and  at  the  left  in  the  foreground  the  old  reading  desk  is  seen.  By  the  sinking  of 
the  tower  the  doors  entering  on  the  north  and  south  aisles  were  so  thrown  out  of  place  that  it 
was  impossible  to  open  them,  and  a  close  inspection  will  reveal  the  seriousness  of  the  damage 
they  suffered.  The  fissures  in  the  aisle  and  the  yawning  holes  in  the  ceiling  are  also  visible. 
The  arms  of  the  chandelier  have  been  removed,  and  the  body  of  it  covered  to  protect  it 
from  injury  while  the  repairs  proceeded. 


12 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Church  taken  from  within,  near  the  middle  aisle  door,  looking 
into  the  vestibule.  In  the  foreground  the  tiling  is  seen  broken  and  shattered,  as  though 
a  ploughshare  had  been  run  through  the  aisle.  Through  these  fissures  in  the  aisle  water 
gushed  forth,  mingled  with  sand,  at  the  time  of  the  earthquake.  Towards  the  -front  door 
in  the  vestibule  are  seen  the  evidences  of  destruction  wrought  by  the  sinking  of  the  spire. 
The  debris  in  the  aisle  at  the  right  was  thrown  from  the  west  wall  of  the  Church. 


14 


THIS  is  a  view  of  a  portion  of  the  vestibule  and  base  of  steeple;  it  is  taken  from  the 
pavement  in  front  of  the  Church,  and  is  designed  to  show  the  fact  that  the  steeple 
settled  eight  inches  from  the  effects  of  the  earthquake  of  August  31st,  1886.  As  will  be 
seen,  there  is  a  step  now  leading  to  the  inner  door,  which  was  on  a  level  with  the  floor  of 
the  vestibule  until  the  earthquake  caused  it  to  settle  as  stated.  The  door  seen  in  the  pic- 
ture was  put  in  after  the  earthquake  replacing  an  older  door,  which  was  badly  shattered 
at  that  time. 


16 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  interior  as  it  now  appears,  looking  towards  the  chancel.  The 
dimensions  of  the  interior  are  seventy  feet  by  fifty-one.  The  height  of  the  ceiling  is 
thirty-one  feet.  The  pews  are  of  red  cedar,  and  are  in  number  ninety-seven  on  the  ground 
floor.  There  are  in  the  galleries  thirty  pews  additional.  The  aisle  is  tiled  with  red  and 
bluish  English  tiles,  duplicates  of  the  original,  which  were  destroyed  at  the  time  of  the  earth- 
quake. All  the  aisles  are  tiled  alike.  The  pulpit  and  reading  desk,  the  litany  desk  (a 
memorial)   and  the  chancel,  all  appear  in  this  picture 

All  the  woodwork  of  the  columns  and  galleries  is  of  cypress  and  cedar,  as  is  also  the 
decorative  work  in  the  ceiling.  The  hinges  of  the  pew  doors  are  of  wrought  iron  and  the 
pattern  is  known  as  the  "H"  hinge,  because  it  forms  that  letter  when  opened. 


18 


THIS  is  an  interior  view  looking  towards  the  west  door  opening  into  the  vestibule.  It 
shows  the  steps  leading  up  to  the  pulpit,  and  the  sounding  board  as  it  appears  from 
that  direction.  Around  the  walls  are  seen  several  Memorial  Tablets.  The  chandelier  and 
organ  (which  are  also  shown  separately)  may  also  be  seen.  The  large  square  pew  is  oppo- 
site the  pulpit  steps,  on  the  north  side  of  th^  central  aisle. 


20 


THIS  view  shows  the  Chancel,  which  is  semi-circular,  and  ten  feet  deep.  The  chairs 
are  the  same  that  were  placed  in  the  Chancel  when  the  Church  was  built.  The  Altar 
replaces  the  orig-nal  Communion  Table,  and  is  a  memorial.  The  Credence  Table  is  also 
a  memorial.  The  Chancel  Rail  is  of  wrought  iron  probably  imported  from  England  at  the 
time  of  the  building  of  the  Church,  and  shows  the  beautiful  handiwork  of  the  artists  in  iron 
at  that  period. 

As  was  customary  in  those  days,  tablets  containing  the  Apostles'  Creed,  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  the  Ten  Commandments  were  placed  in  the  Chancel,  as  seen  in  the  picture. 
The  very  interesting  facts  relating  to  the  disappearance  of  the  tablet  containing  the  Lord's 
Prayer  will  be  given  when  the  Chancel  Window  is  described. 

The  remains  of  Bishop  Dehon  and  Bishop  Bowen  rest  beneath  the  Chancel,  "under 
the  Altar." 


22 


THE  original  Chancel  Window  was  closed  up  in  I  788  for  fear  lest  the  Church  might 
take  fire  from  certain  buildings  near  to  it,  which  were  afterwards  removed.  The  Win- 
dow remained  closed  until  February  14th,  1865,  St.  Valentine's  Day,  when  a  shell 
from  Gillmore's  guns  on  Morris  Island  penetrated  it,  tearing  out  the  brick  and  disclosing  the 
window  frame.  On  a  wooden  tablet  against  the  brick  was  inscribed  the  "Lord's  Prayer." 
This  also  was  demolished  by  the  same  shell.  A  piece  of  this  shell,  which  also  broke  the 
tiling  under  the  pulpit,  cut  the  wood  at  its  base,  is  still  in  possession  of  the  sexton.  The 
window  now  in  the  Vestry  Room  filled  the  gap  made  by  this  shell.  It  was  placed  in  the 
Chancel  in  1867,  when  the  Church  was  repaired.  In  1893  the  present  window  was  put  in. 
It  is  entitled :  "St.  Michael  Conquering  Satan."  The  wonderful  effect  in  chiaroscuro  to  be 
found  in  this  beautiful  memorial  window,  done  in  the  best  style  of  the  Tiffany  Glass  Decora- 
ting Company,  of  New  York,  is  the  result  of  the  thickness  and  thinness  of  the  layers  of  colored 
glass  composing  it.  It  is  a  copy  of  Raphael's  famous  "St.  Michael  Conquering  Satan,"  now 
in  the  gallery  of  the  Louvre,  Paris. 

Though  the  blackened  shadows  and  the  coldness  of  the  lights  found  in  the  original 
show  that  the  master  called  in  the  inferior  hands  of  his  pupils  to  help  in  its  hasty  completion, 
it  yet  enjoys  the  distinction  of  being  placed  in  the  Salon  Carre,  where  are  to  be  found  only  the 
gems  of  the  collection  of  France's  celebrated  gallery.  Its  sublime  poetic  character,  its  depth 
and  contrast  of  coloring,  its  dramatic  action  so  startlingly  sudden,  entitle  it  to  the  honor.  St. 
Michael  has  his  foot  on  Satan ;  with  both  hands  he  raises  his  lance  to  strike  him,  while  flames 
shoot  up  from  crevices  in  the  earth  to  cast  a  lurid  and  mysterious  glow  over  the  rugged  land- 
scape. The  original  is  6  feet,  1 0  inches  high,  and  3  feet,  5  inches  wide ;  it  was  painted  on 
wood  in  1518,  and  in  1753  transferred  to  canvas. 

24 


THIS  Window,  which  is  at  the  eastern  end  of  the  north  aisle,  is  a  memorial,  as  is  also  the 
Chancel  Window,  the  original  being  a  painting  by  the  Norwegian  artist.  Axel  Ender. 
It  is  entitled  "Easter  Morning,"  and  represents  the  scene  in  the  Garden  of  Joseph  of  Arima- 
thea,  at  the  moment  when  the  three  Marys  entered  the  sepulchre  bringing  the  spices  which 
they  had  prepared,  and  were  told  by  the  angel,  "He  is  not  here,  for  He  is  risen,  as  He  said." 
It  was  unveiled  Easter  Morning,  1898,  April  10th,  and  is  the  work  of  the  Tiffany  Glass 
Decorating  Company,  New  York. 

This  window  replaces  the  one  now  in  the  Vestry  Room,  which  was  removed  from  the 
Chancel  in  1 893,  when  the  present  window  was  put  in. 


26 


THIS  Door  was  placed  by  the  ladies  of  the  congregation  in  July,  1897,  in  lieu  of  a  plain 
door  that  had  originally  stood  there.  It  represents  the  adoration  by  angels,  as  seen  in 
the  two  lower  panels,  while  above  two  other  angels  are  awaiting  the  coming  of  the  faithful,  in 
order  to  bestow  upon  them  the  "Crown  of  Life."  The  Door  was  designed  by  Mr.  Silas 
McBee,  and  executed  by  Charles  Booth,  of  New  York  City. 


28 


THIS  is  a  representation  of  the  stained  window  which  was  placed  in  the  Chancel  in 
1 867,  when  the  Church  was  being  repaired  after  the  Civil  War.  It  filled  the  gap  dis- 
closed by  the  shell  elsewhere  referred  to,  and  remained  in  place  until  1893,  when  the 
present  window  was  put  in.  It  was  then  removed  to  the  window  at  the  eastern  end  of  the 
north  aisle,  where  it  remained  until  1898,  when  it  gave  place  to  the  Memorial  Window 
now  occupying  that  space.     It  is  now  in  the  Vestry  Room  of  the  Church. 


30 


THE  Pulpit  and  reading  desk  stand  where  they  have  always  stood,  at  the  southeast 
corner  of  the  middle  aisle.  The  Pulpit  is  the  original  one.  Perhaps  the  most  striking 
feature  in  connection  with  this  is  the  massive  sounding  board,  supported  by  two  Corinthian 
columns.  In  February,  1865,  when  the  city  was  taken  possession  of  by  the  United  States 
soldiers,  a  number  of  persons  who  followed  the  army  of  occupation  entered  the  Church  and 
carried  away  a  number  of  relics,  among  which  was  the  monogram,  I.  H.  S.  panel  from 
the  front  of  the  Pulpit.  Some  years  later  this  was  sent  back  by  the  person  who  took  it, 
presumably,  and  was  restored  to  its  old  place. 

TTie  original  Reading  Desk  was  replaced  in  1 893  by  the  one  now  in  use ;  it  was 
cypress  stained;  on  each  side  a  hand  extended,  holding  a  candlestick.  The  original  sedile 
was  a  very  plain  bench,  which  was  replaced  by  the  present  one  in  1 893.  The  original  Read- 
ing Desk  was  enclosed  like  a  pew  and  was  entered  through  the  "Rector's  Pew,"  after 
ascending  a  flight  of  three  steps. 

The  ceiling  of  the  sounding  board  is  mahogany,  inlaid  with  oak  in  two  colors;  the 
whole  forming  a  star. 

32 


THIS  Pew,  originally  known  as  the  "Governor's  Pew,"  has  had  an  interesting  history. 
It  is  known  that  General  George  Washington  occupied  it  on  the  afternoon  of  Sunday, 
May  8th,  1 79 1 .  In  1 862  it  was  occupied  by  General  Robert  E.  Lee.  In  1 884  the  Mar- 
quis of  Lome  and  his  wife,  the  Princess  Louise,  sat  in  it.  It  is  said  that  in  it  the  Marquis 
de  Lafayette  and  "numerous  other  celebrities  have,  from  time  to  time,  been  seated."  It  is 
now  occupied  by  the  family  of  the  late  Arnoldus  Vander  Horst. 

The  name  "Governor's  Pew"  was  given  it  because  it  was  set  apart  for  the  use  of  that 
official  and  his  council  by  the  Act  of  the  Legislature,  which  provided  for  the  building  of  the 
Church. 


34 


WRITING  in  1820.  Rev.  Frederick  Dalcho,  Assistant  Minister  of  St.  Michael's 
Church,  in  describing  the  interior  of  the  building,  states  that  "a  large,  handsome 
brass  chandelier  is  suspended  from  the  centre."  There  are  42  lights  in  the  chandelier.  Up  to 
April,  1 879,  the  chandelier  hung  by  a  chain,  so  that  it  could  be  lowered  and  raised  again, 
after  lighting  the  candles.  At  that  date  the  candles  were  replaced  by  gas.  The  chandelier 
was  taken  down  and  sent  to  New  York,  where  the  arms  were  recast  for  gas,  which  has  since 
been  used. 

The  name  of  the  maker  is  G.  Penton,  London.  The  chandelier  was  imported  in  1803. 
When  altered  for  gas,  the  chandelier  was  bronzed  and  is  suspended  by  a  rod  that  replaces 
the  chain  formerly  in  use. 


36 


'^''''"  .u»  ■..'»■■ 


44SR75 


THE  Organ  was  imported  from  England  in  August,  1  768.  In  a  little  frame  on  the  side 
of  the  Organ  is  an  inscription,  as  follows:  "Jno.  Snetzler,  fecit,  Londini,  1767." 
This  inscription  was  found  by  the  present  sexton's  father  (who  was  also  sexton) ,  pasted  on 
one  of  the  pipes  of  the  Organ,  when  it  was  taken  down  during  the  bombardment  of  Charles- 
ton, and  stored  away  in  the  Sunday  School  Room  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Radcliffeboro,  for 
safe  keeping. 

This  is  believed  to  the  oldest  large  organ  in  the  United  States.      It  is  also  believed 
that  this  Church  had  probably  the  first  choir  of  surpliced  boys  in  this  country. 

In  the  old  Vestry  Book  these  boys  are  often  mentioned ;  certainly  as  far  back  as  1  794. 


38 


THIS  represents  the  Baptismal  Font,  which  was  placed  in  the  Church  on  Christmas  Eve, 
1771.  By  resolution  of  the  Vestry,  "It  was  to  stand  upon  a  mahogany  frame  run 
upon  brass  casters,  and  not  exceeding  the  price  of  ten  guineas."  The  dove  is  of  lead  and 
balances  the  font  cover.  The  pulley  block  through  which  the  wire  rope  runs  was  probably 
sent  over  with  the  font  from  England. 


40 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Blacklock  Monument,  on  the  north  side  of  the  base  of  the  tower 
in  the  vestibule.     It  has  been  much  admired  as  a  work  of  art.    It  is  the  product  of  the 
genius  of  Mr.  W.  Calder  Marshall,  R.  A.,  London,  1852. 


42 


THIS  Window  is  a  memorial  also.  As  with  the  two  others  represented  in  this  book, 
it  is  the  work  of  the  Tiffany  Glass  Decorating  Company,  New  York.  The  subject 
is  "TTie  Annunciation,"  the  original  being  a  painting  by  the  Dutch  artist,  T.  Van  Scandel, 
and  the  window  has  been  reproduced  by  Tiffany  from  a  photograph  of  the  painting,  and 
placed  in  the  Church  in  A.  D.  1 908. 


44 


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THIS  is  a  view  of  the  famous  bells  of  old  St.  Michael's,  that  since  1  764  have  chimed 
from  its  steeple.  Tliey  are  eight  in  number.  Dalcho  says:  "At  the  evacuation  of 
Charles  Town,  December,  1782,  Major  Traille,  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  took  down 
the  bells  and  carried  them  away  as  being  public  property.  The  next  year  Sir  Guy  Carleton 
ordered  their  immediate  restoration.  The  bells,  however,  had  been  sold,  meanwhile,  in  Eng- 
land and  purchased  by  a  former  merchant  of  this  city,  named  Ryhiner,  as  a  "commercial 
adventure,"  and  shipped  back  to  Charleston.  On  their  landing,  "the  overjoyed  citizens  took 
possession  and  hurried  them  up  to  the  Church  and  into  the  steeple  without  thinking  that  they 
might  be  violating  a  private  right."  In  1838  two  of  the  bells  were  found  to  be  cracked;  they 
were  sent  to  England,  re-cast  and  returned  August,  1839.  In  June,  1862,  they  were  sent  to 
Columbia  and  stored  there.  When  that  city  was  burned,  during  the  occupation  by  Sher- 
man's army,  the  bells  were  also  burned.  In  1866  the  fragments  were  gathered  together  and 
sent  to  Mears  &  Steinbank,  of  London,  England,  successors  of  the  original  founders,  and  re- 
cast in  the  same  moulds. 

March  21st,  1867,  the  familiar  music  of  the  chimes  was  heard  again  in  the  strains  of 
"Home  again,  home  again,  from  a  foreign  shore." 

The  By-Laws  of  the  Church  provide  that  the  bells  shall  re  rung  on  Christmas,  at  Eas- 
ter and  Thanksgiving  Day,  and  tolled  on  Good  Friday,  at  sunrise,  midday  (or  immediately 
after  church  service) ,  at  sunset,  fifteen  minutes  each.  Also  on  Confederate  Memorial  Day, 
during  the  decoration  service.  Also  for  ten  minutes  before  midnight  on  December  3 1  st,  the 
bells  shall  toll  the  old  year  out,  and  for  ten  minutes  immediately  thereafter  to  ring  the  new 
year  in.  They  shall  be  tolled  on  the  death  of  the  Bishon  of  this  Diocese,  or  that  of  the  Pre- 
siding Bishop  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  the   United  States,   as   soon  as  practicable  after 

46 


the  receipt  of  the  news  of  their  death,  for  one  hour,  and  also  on  the  day  of  their  funerals, 
respectively,  at  sunrise,  midday  and  sunset  thirty  minutes  each.  On  the  death  of  the  Rector 
or  Assistant  Minister  of  this  Church,  fifteen  minutes,  at  the  times  above  designated  for  the 
Bishop  of  this  Diocese.  On  the  death  of  the  Rector  or  Assistant  Minister  of  any  P.  E. 
Church  in  this  city,  in  full  connection  with  the  Convention,  without  bells  of  its  own,  the  same 
as  for  the  Rector  of  this  Church,  if  the  use  of  the  bells  be  requested  by  such  Church.  On  the 
death  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  or  the  Governor  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina, 
one  hour,  as  soon  as  practicable  after  the  receipt  of  the  intelligence,  and  also  for  one  hour  on 
the  day  of  the  funeral. 

On  the  22nd  February,  28th  June,  and  4th  July ;  provided,  they  do  not  interfere  with 
the  Church  services  on  that  day. 

On  Sundays  the  chimes  are  rung  for  one-half  hour  before  the  regular  hours  of  service; 
on  other  days,  and  before  other  services,  a  bell  called  "the  Parson's  bell"  is  tolled  for  fifteen 
minutes. 

The  bells  were  tolled  for  the  first  time  at  the  funeral  of  Mrs.  Martha  Grimke,  who  died 
September  22nd,  1  764,  and  was  buried  in  the  yard  near  the  south  door. 

NO  STORY  of  the  bells  would  be  complete  without  some  reference  to  the  old  bell- 
ringer,  Washington  McLean  Gadsden,  who  is  here  represented  as  standing  at  the 
key-board  in  the  steeple  about  to  ring  the  chimes.  Gadsden  was  bell-ringer  for  sixty- 
one  years.  Owing  to  his  infirmities,  he  resigned  his  office  October  1st,  1898,  and  was 
pensioned  by  the  Church  for  the  remainder  of  his  life.     He  passed  away  July  20th,  1899. 

48 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  clock  room  and  clock  in  St.  Michael'  steeple.  It  came  over  in 
1 764  with  the  bells.  It  was  built  by  Aynesworth  Thwayts,  of  London,  and  was 
described  by  him  as  "a  strong  30-hour  clock,  to  show  the  hour  four  ways,  to  strike  the  hour 
on  the  largest  bell,  and  the  quarters  on  four  bells,  as  the  Royal  Exchange,  London."  It  is 
not  certain  when  the  quarters  began  to  be  struck  on  three  bells,  but  they  were  so  struck  for 
many  years,  and  up  to  June  6th,  1 896,  when  the  old  method  of  striking  on  four  bells  was 
restored.  Up  to  1849  there  were  no  minute  hands.  In  that  year,  with  the  consent  of  the 
Vestry,  the  City  Council  added  them. 


50 


THIS  represents  two  pieces  of  the  shell  which  entered  the  Chancel  during  the  bombard- 
ment of  the  city  from  Morris  Island,  by  General  Gillmore,  in  1865.  The  damage 
done  by  this  shell  is  elsewhere  described  in  connection  with  the  history  of  the  Chancel  Window. 
The  thread  of  the  screw-cap  is  very  distinct.  The  pieces  together  would  weigh  from  seven 
to  nine  pounds. 


52 


THIS  view  of  the  Church  Yard,  the  Church  and  the  Spire,  is  taken  from  the  Parish 
House,  which  is  in  the  southeast  corner  of  the  enclosure;  it  gives  a  partial  view  of 
the  burial  ground,  in  which  lie  the  remains  of  so  many  distinguished  dead.  The  building  seen 
to  the  left  is  the  United  States  Post  Office  and  Court  House,  and  the  eagle  is  perched  upon 
the  flag  staff  that  surmounts  the  City  Hall. 


54 


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THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Meeting  Street  Gate,  and  the  walk  which  extends  the  length  of 
the  Church  on  its  south  side.  Beneath  its  flag  stones  rest  the  remains  of  quite  a  number 
of  the  members  of  the  congregation.  There  are  several  tablets  let  into  the  wall  of  the  Church 
along  this  walk,  among  others  those  of  Colonel  Lewis  Morris,  Captain  W.  Morris,  "aid  to 
General  T.  Pinckney,"  and  Mary  Butler,  wife  of  Pierce  Butler. 


56 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Broad  Street  Gate  from  the  street,  showing  the  old  brick  wall 
surmounted  by  broken  glass  bottles  as  a  protection  from  intruders.  Near  the  gate  is 
the  grave  of  George  Augustus  Clough,  who  "died  suddenly  of  Stranger's  Fever,  November 
5th,  1843."  On  the  stone  over  his  grave  is  the  following  verse,  said  to  have  been  written 
by  his  brother,  A.  H.  Clough,  the  famous  poet : 

Of  all  thy  kindred  at  thy  dying  day 

Were  none  to  speed  thee  on  thy  solemn  way ; 

Yet  ever  lives  distinct  and  deeply  dear 

Their  sight  with  them  of  this  thy  corner  here ; 

Each  heart  so  oft  hath  come  and  sought  and  seen 

That  ocean  space  hath  shrunk  to  naught  between. 

And  more  their  own  seems  now  the  stranger's  shore 

Than  when  with  thee  they  dwelt  on  it  before. 


58 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Church  Yard,  showing  the  great  Magnolia  Tree,  which  over- 
spreads the  monument  of  Robert  Y.  Hayne,  Arthur  Peronneau  Hayne,  and  James  L. 
Petigru.  On  the  extreme  right  is  seen  a  corner  of  the  Parish  House.  The  buildings  in  the 
background  are  on  the  premises  adjoining  the  Church  Yard,  but  form  no  part  of  the  property. 


60 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Parish  House  and  a  corner  of  the  Church  Yard  originally  an  old 
Colonial  building;  it  was  remodeled  in  1896,  and  now  contains  the  Rector's  Study, 
a  Guild  Room  and  a  Sunday  School  Room;  it  is  fitted  with  water  and  gas,  and  is  a  model 
of  convenience.     The  original  architecture  of  the  building  has  been  preserved. 


62 


THIS  is  a  view  of  the  Graveyard  tal^'^n  from  the  walk  leading  from  the  Parish  House 
to  the  western  wall.  It  shows  t*""  iriant  violet  bed  which  sheds  its  fragrant  perfume 
abroad  from  October  until  April.  On  the  '■ight  is  a  red  japonica,  against  a  background  of 
cedar,  which  obstructs  a  further  outlook  in  tiiat  direction. 


64 


THIS  is  a  view  from  inside  the  Meeting  Street  Gate  looking  south.  It  shows  a  number 
of  stones  against  the  western  wall,  and  the  symmetrical  "crape  myrtle"  tree,  which 
casts  its  dense  shade  on  the  walk.  At  the  south  end  of  this  walk  is  the  grave  of  Mary  Ann 
Luyten,  of  which  a  separate  picture  is  elsewhere  shown. 


66 


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THIS  is  a  view  of  the  grave  of  Mary  Ann  Luyten,  who  died  September  9th,  1  770.  At 
the  head  and  foot  of  the  grave  stand  w^hat  appear  to  be  appropriate  parts  of  a 
bedstead,  made  out  of  cypress  and  cedar,  that  have  stood  the  ravages  of  one  hundred  and 
forty  years.  A  portion  of  the  head-board  and  one  of  the  posts  were  demolished  by 
a  shell  from  Gillmore's  guns  on  Morris  Island,  in  1865.  The  post  was  replaced  after  the 
war. 


68 


THE  "Service  of  Altar  Plate"  of  1  762  consisted  of  two  flagons,  a  chalice  and  cover, 
and  a  large  dish  (alms  basin),  presented  by  His  Excellency,  Governor  Thomas 
Boone.  These  were  sent  along  with  other  plate  to  0)lumbia  during  the  war,  and  were 
lost  when  Sherman's  raid  passed  through  that  city.  In  1867  one  of  the  flagons  was  re- 
covered "through  the  generosity  of  the  Hon.  Alexander  W.  Bradford,  who  noticed  it  in  a 
pawnbroker's  shop  in  New  York.  The  cover  was  bought  in  Ohio  a  year  or  two  later,  but 
nothing  was  ever  heard  of  the  remainder." 


70 


IN  The  Church  Yard,  nearly  opposite  the  south  door,  are  the  remains  of  John  Rutledge, 
who  died  in  1 800.     "Sometime  Dictator  of  South  CaroHna." 

Beneath  the  Vestry  Room  lie  the  remains  of  Major-General  Charles  Cotesworth  Pinck- 
ney,  of  the  Revolutionary  War. 

Near  the  Parish  House  rests  the  remains  of  Hon.  John  Lloyd,  for  several  years  Member 
and  President  of  the  Senate  of  South  Carolina. 

Near  the  South  door  lie  the  remains  of  Major-General  Mordecai  Gist,  an  officer  of 
the  Maryland  line,  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  who  died  September  12th,  1792. 

Also  near  the  South  door  lie  the  remains  of  James  Parsons,  once  Vice-President  of 
South  Carolina,  who  died  October  1  st,  1  779. 

Near  the  West  walk  is  the  grave  of  Charles  Fraser,  Artist,  who  died  October  5th,  1 860. 

Against  the  West  wall  of  the  Graveyard  is  the  stone  that  marks  the  last  resting  place  of 
Alexander  Shirras,  a  Scotchman  by  birth,  who,  after  a  residence  here  of  thirty  years,  died, 
leaving  an  endowment  for  a  free  dispensary,  which  has  been  doing  its  good  work  for  the 
greater  part  of  this  century,  and  is  known  as  "Shirras  Dispensary." 

71 


MURAL  TABLETS. 


James  O'Brien  Parsons,  1755-1769. 

George  Parsons,   1760-1778. 

Louis  DeSaussure,   1745-1779. 

Rt.  Rev.  Theodore  Dehon,  D.D.,  1777-1817. 

Rev.  Edward  Jenkins,  D.D.,  17     -1812. 

John  S.  Cogdell,  1778-1847. 

Mrs.  Maria  Cogdell.   1785-1858. 

Charles  Cotesworth  Pinckney,   1746-1825. 

Rev.  Thomas  John  Young,  1803-1851. 

Rev.  Frederick  Dalcho,  M.D.,  1770-1836. 

Rev.  Paul  Trapier  Keith,  1801-1868. 

Sabina  E.  Huger,  July  27th,  1  799. 

John  JuHus  Pringle,       1—1  757-1843. 

Susanna,  his  wife,  J  — 1768-1831. 

72 


MURAL  TABLETS-==Continued. 

Henry  Deas,   1770-1846. 

William  Read,  M.D.,   1754-1845. 

Rt.  Rev.  Nathaniel  Bowen,  D.D.,  1779-1839. 

Rev.  John  Drayton  Grimke,  1857-1895. 


IN  THE  VESTIBULE. 

Mary  Blacklock,  died  June  10th,  1850. 
Theodore  Dehon  Wagner,  1819-1880. 
Oliver  Hering  Middleton,  Jr.,    1845-1864. 
Pierce  Butler,  of  County  Carlow,  Ireland, 
Major  of  the  29th  Regiment,  British  Army, 
Died  June,  1822. 

Buried  at  Christ  Church, 
Philadelphia,  Penn. 

73 


IN  THE  VESTIBULE— Continued. 

The  Confederate  Memorial  Tablet,  unveiled  June  12th,   1902. 

//on;  grand  a  fame  this  marble  rvatches  oer. 
Their  ivars  behind  them,  God*s  great  peace  before. 

St.  Michael's  writes  within  her  hallowed  walls  the  names  of  her  gallant  sons  who  died 
for  the  Confederate  Cause,  and  consecrates  their  memory. 

1861-1865. 

Brigadier-General,  J.  Johnston  Pettigrew _ aged  35 

Lieutenant-Colonel,  Thomas  Pinckney  Alston. ^ aged  32 

Lieutenant-Colonel,  Thomas  M.  Wagner_ aged  37 

Captain,  Edward  Downes  Frost „ aged  30 

Captain,  Robert  Pringle „ aged  26 

Surgeon,  Thomas  L.  Ogier. aged  31 

Surgeon,  Edward  Gough  Porcher aged  26 

Lieutenant,  Thomas  Bee  Huger,  C.  S.  M aged  42 

Lieutenant,  Philip  Porcher,  C.  S.  N aged  29 

Lieutenant,  John  Julius  Pringle  Alston _ aged  27 

74 


IN  THE   VESTIBULE"=Continued. 

Lieutenant,  William  Heyward  GrimbalL - aged  26 

Lieutenant,  Thomas   Middleton aged  30 

Lieutenant,  Charles  Alston  Pringle aged  21 

Major,  William  Henry  Ladson,  S.  C.  M aged  32 

Edward  Bland  Beesley aged  20 

Thomas  Lynch aged  46 

Oliver  Hering  Middletoa. ^ aged  18 

Thomas  Parker aged  29 

Frederick  George  Porcher aged  22 

J.  R.  Poinsett  Pringle aged  21 

Alexander   Robertson aged  24 

Lewis  Morris  Vander  Horst aged  33 

The^  fought  the  patriot's  fight. 
They  k^pt  the  faith  of  their  fathers^ 
They  fell  on  their  stainless  shields. 
Non  Sibi  Domine  Sed  Patriae. 

75 


QUEER  INSCRIPTIONS. 


On  the  tomb  of  Charlotte  Massey,  died  in  1  787,  aged  25  years: 

"View  this  tomb  as  you  pass  by. 
For  as  you  are,  so  once  was  I. 
And  as  I  am,  so  must  you  be ; 
Prepare  yourself  to  follow  me." 


Captain  Manuel  Antonio,  died  August  1 2th,  1  786 : 

"Although  I  here  at  anchor  be. 
With  many  of  our  fleet; 
We  must  set  sail  one  day  again. 
Our  Saviour,  Christ,  to  meet." 
76 


John  Singleton,   died  September    1 0th,    1 789 : 

"Sacred  and  Solemn 
To 
The  memory  of  1  in  4  and  4  in  1 . 

A  husband,  father,   grandfather,  and  father-in-law." 


Charlotte  Elford,  May  9th,  1817. 


She  was 

'In  Childhood,  Obedient. 

In  Wedlock,  Virtuous. 

In  Prosperity,  Humble. 

In  Adversity,  Resigned. 

In  Sickness,  Patient. 

In  Death,  Happy." 

11 


Bennett  Taylor,  Age  56.  Died  March  25th,   1800: 

Praises  on  tombs  are  titles  vainly  spent — 
A  man's  good  name  is  his  best  monument. 


Captain  James  Maud  Elford,  January  25th,  1826: 

"When  this  experienced  and  successful  sea  captain  retired 
From  Navigation,  it  was  only  to  study  and  reveal  its 
Theory,  and  lend  the  light  of  his  genius  to  his  brethren 
Of  the  Ocean. 

He  was  the  author    .     .     .     of  an  admirable  system  of 
Marine  telegraphic  signals  which  afford  the  sea  the 
same  facilities  of  language  as  the  land." 

"Skilled  in  the  stars,  in  useful  learning  wise. 
He  served  the  earth,  by  studying  the  skies. 
To  know  them  well  his  blest  pursuits  were  given, 
He  studied  first,  and  then  he  entered  Heaven." 

78 


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